Ndinaya
Chemistry bụ sayensị na -amụ ihe, n'ihe banyere ihe mejupụtara ya, nhazi ya na akụrụngwa ya. Ọ na -amụkwa mgbanwe mgbanwe ihe na -eme, nke nwere ike ime n'ihi mmeghachi omume kemịkal ma ọ bụ itinye aka n'ike.
Ọ gụnyere specialties dị iche iche:
- Chemical kemịkalụ: mụọ ogige na ihe ndị na -emepụta carbon.
- Chemical kemịkal: na -ezo aka na ihe niile na ngwakọta ihe ewezuga ndị ewepụtara na carbon.
- Chemistry nke anụ ahụ: mụọ mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okwu na ume na mmeghachi omume.
- Chemical nyocha: na -ewepụta ụzọ na usoro iji nyochaa ihe mejupụtara kemịkal nke ihe.
- Mmiri nyocha: mụọ ihe mmeghachi omume kemịkal nke na -eto n'ime ihe ndị dị ndụ.
Nkewa dị n'etiti kemịkalụ na kemịkal inorganic na -abịa site na mgbe ngwakọta carbon niile sitere ihe dị ndụ. Agbanyeghị, enwere ihe nwere carbon nwere ugbu a nke kemist inorganic na-amụ: graphite, diamond, carbonates na bicarbonates, carbide.
Agbanyeghị na mbụ enwere nkewa n'etiti kemịkalụ na kemịkal inorganic n'ihi na nke abụọ bụ nke ejiri na ụlọ ọrụKa ọ dị ugbu a, a na -eji ngwa kemịkalụ kemịkalụ dị iche iche dịka ụlọ ọgwụ na agrochemistry.
Usoro ọzụzụ abụọ ahụ na -amụ mmeghachi omume na mmekọrịta nke ihe na ogige, ihe dị iche bụ na kemịkal organic na -etinye uche na ụmụ irighiri carbon + hydrogen + oxygen, yana mmekọrịta ha na ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ.
- Ọ nwere ike ijere gị ozi: Ọmụmaatụ nke onwu na ndụ kwa ụbọchị
Ọmụmụ kemịkalụ inorganic:
- Ihe mejupụtara mpaghara okpokoro oge.
- Nchịkọta kemịkalụ.
- Chemistry nke ogige ndị ejikọtara ọnụ nke ọla.
Ọmụmụ kemịkalụ Organic:
- Àgwà nke ụmụ irighiri carbon.
- Usoro kemịkalụ na -eme na sel.
- Chemical phenomena nke ihe dị ndụ dabere na ya.
- Metabolism nke kemịkal dị na ihe dị iche iche, gụnyere mmadụ.
Ndị ogige organic ugbu a ha nwere ike ịbụ nke sitere n'okike ma ọ bụ sịntetik.
Agbanyeghị na ha bụ ọpụrụiche dị iche iche, ọzụzụ abụọ ahụ nwere otu ihe ma nwee ike jikọta ya iji nweta ebumnuche dị iche iche (ụlọ ọrụ, nri, mmanụ ala, wdg)
Ọmụmaatụ nke kemịkal inorganic
- injinịa: Ịrụ ụdị ụlọ ma ọ bụ igwe ọ bụla chọrọ ihe ọmụma gbasara kemistri nke ihe eji eme ihe (nguzogide, ike, mgbanwe, wdg). Alaka nke kemịkal inorganic nke na -ekwu maka isiokwu a bụ sayensị ihe.
- Ọmụmụ mmetọ: Geochemistry (alaka nke kemịkal inorganic) na -amụ mmetọ mmiri, ikuku na ala.
- Nkume bara nnukwu uru: A na -ekpebi uru mineral bara site na ihe mejupụtara kemịkal ha.
- Oxide: ọdịdị nchara na ọla bụ mmeghachi omume nke kemịkal inorganic mụrụ. A na-enweta ndị na-ese ihe mgbochi nchara n'ihi ntinye nke kemịkal inorganic n'ime nrụpụta ha.
- Ncha n'ichepụta ihe: NDỊhydroxide Sodium bụ ngwakọta kemịkal inorganic nke a na -eji eme ncha.
- Nnu.
- Batrị: Selụ azụmahịa ma ọ bụ batrị nwere oxide ọla ọcha.
- Ihe ọ drinksụ Fiụ na -egbu egbu: A na -eme ihe ọbonụbonụ carbonated site na mmiri ọgwụ phosphoric acid.
Ọmụmaatụ nke kemịkal organic
- Ncha n'ichepụta ihe: Dị ka anyị hụrụ, ọ bụ kemịkal inorganic na -emepụta ncha. Agbanyeghị, ha nwekwara ike ịgụnye kemịkal organic dị ka abụba anụmanụ ma ọ bụ mmanụ ihe oriri na ihe ndị dị mkpa.
- Iku ume.
- Nchekwa ume: Ihe lipids na carbohydrates ha bụ ihe ndị mejupụtara ihe ọkụkụ na -enyere ihe dị ndụ aka ịchekwa ike.
- Ọgwụ nje: Ọgwụ nje nwere ike ịnwe ihe ndị dị ndụ na ihe ndị na -adịghị mma. Agbanyeghị, nhazi ha dabere na ihe ọmụma nke microorganisms na -emetụta ahụ.
- Ndị nchekwa: Ọtụtụ ihe eji echekwa ihe eji eme nri bụ ihe na -adịghị ahụ anya, mana na -aza agwa nke kemịkal kemịkal na nri.
- Ọgwụ mgbochi: Ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa bụ mbelata nke ihe ndị na-ebute ọrịa. Ọnụnọ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a na -eme ka ahụ nwee ike mepụta ọgwụ mgbochi dị mkpa iji gbochie ọrịa ahụ.
- Agba: A na -esi na acetaldehyde eme ihe.
- Mmanya na -aba n'anya (ethanol).
- Mmanụ gas: Eji ya na ụlọ esi nri, kpo oku ma ọ bụ kpoo mmiri ọkụ.
- Polyethylene: Ọ bụ plastik a na -ejikarị eme ya ma a na -emepụta ya site na ethylene, alkene hydrocarbon.
- Akpụkpọ anụ.
- Ọgwụ ahụhụ: Ọgwụ na -egbu ihe nwere ike ịgụnye inorganic, kamakwa ihe ndị dị ndụ, dị ka chlorobenzene, a hydrocarbon aromatic na -eji dị ka ihe mgbaze na -egbu ahụhụ.
- Rubber: Rubber nwere ike ịbụ eke (enwetara site na sap osisi) ma ọ bụ nke aka, nke sitere na butene, alkene hydrocarbon.
- Agrochemical: Ngwaahịa sitere na aniline, ụdị amine, ka a na -eji agrochemicals.
- Ihe mgbakwunye nri: Ọtụtụ ihe mgbakwunye nri gụnyere ihe ndị na -adịghị ahụkebe dịka ị pụọ na mineral. Agbanyeghị, ha tinyekwara ihe ndị dị ndụ dịka amino asịd.
Hụkwuo: Ihe Nlereanya nke Organic Chemistry
