Ndinaya
Ndịenzymes bụ protein na -arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe mkpali, nke ahụ bụ mee mmeghachi omume kemịkal ngwa ngwa n'ewepụghị ya ma ọ bụ bụrụ akụkụ nke ngwaahịa nke ahụ mmeghachi omume. Mmeghachi omume niile na -eme n'ime ahụ bụ enzymes na -agbazi ya, yabụ na o doro anya na enzymes nwere ọrụ dị iche iche na ihe dị ndụ.
N'ime ọrụ enzymes bụ nkeakwalite mgbaze na ịmịkọrọ nri, site na nri a na -eri: enzymes digestive na -agbari protein, carbohydrates na abụba na ihe ndị nwere ike ịbanye.
N'echiche a, a na -ekwu na enzymes bara ezigbo uru n'ihe gbasara ọgbụgba afọ, gas na mgbaze nke ukwuu. Ha na -emepụtakwa mgbochi nke usoro mkpali ma kwado ya kụrụ mgbake, yana inye aka wepu nsị na ime ka usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ kwekọọ.
Ọnọdụ maka ọrụ enzyme
Agbanyeghị, a na -arụ ọrụ enzyme na arụmọrụ dị iche dabere na ọnọdụ ụfọdụ enwere ike ịdị na ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a ịta mkpụrụ dị elu ma ọ bụ otu elu ịta enzyme ọnụego mmeghachi omume enzymatic na -eme na -abawanye, agbanyeghị ruo oke.
N'aka nke ọzọ, mmụba nke 10 Celsius na -eme ka mmeghachi omume ahụ dị okpukpu abụọ, mana mgbe emezuru oke, okpomọkụ na -arụpụta ihe na arụ ọrụ enzymatic. Na mgbakwunye, na ezigbo pH nke ọrụ enzymatic bụ 7 (belụsọ na enzymes digestive, dị na onodu acid afọ).
Nhazi
Nkewa nke enzymes mere dị iche n'etiti ndị na -enyocha ịdị mgbagwoju anya ha, ndị na -enyocha ha ndị na -emekọ ihe ọnụ ma ọ bụ ndị na -etinye aka na ọrụ enzymatic:
Ndị hydrolases bụ ndị na -akpali mmeghachi omume hydrolysis, ebe isomerases bụ ndị ahụ kpalie mmeghachi omume nke a na -agbanwe otu isomer ka ọ bụrụ onye ọzọ. Ndị egwuregwu kpalie njiko nke ụmụ irighiri ihe, ebe ndị mgbasa ozi ha na -eme ihe na mmeghachi omume nke mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ iwepụ agbụ. Ndị oxidoreductases mee ka mmeghachi omume oxidation-mbelata (ime ka nnyefe elektrọnị rụọ ọrụ) na tansferases ha na -eme ka nnyefe otu site n'otu ihe gaa na nke ọzọ.
Enzymes na usoro mmepụta ihe
Enwere ọtụtụ usoro mmepụta ihe nke nwere njikọ na arụ ọrụ nke enzymes. Ndị gbaa ụka mmanya na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ ezubere maka oriri, ebe ọtụtụ mmeghachi omume na -etinye aka na ụwa dịka owuwu na -adabere na ha.
A na -eji enzymes mgbe ụfọdụ maka ebumnuche ahụike, ezubere ịgwọ mpaghara mbufụt mpaghara.
Nke a bụ ụfọdụ ọmụmaatụ ụdị enzymes nwere ụfọdụ ọrụ ha, ihe ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
Ihe atụ nke enzymes na ọrụ ha
- Trypsin: Ọ na -agbaji njikọ peptide dị n'akụkụ arginine ma ọ bụ lysine.
- Lactase: Eji ya na ụlọ ọrụ mmiri ara ehi, ọ na -egbochi kristal nke mmiri ara ehi.
- Gastrine: Na -emepụta ma na -ezobe acid hydrochloric, ebe ọ na -akpali mkpagharị afọ.
- Dipeptidase: Onye na -emepụta amino acid abụọ.
- Chymosin: Coagulates protein protein n'ime ụlọ ọrụ chiiz.
- Lipase: Na -enye acid fatty, ma ọ bụrụhaala na ọ na -arụ ọrụ na gburugburu alkaline, na -arụ ọrụ nke nnu bile n'oge gara aga.
- Ihe nzuzo: Ọ na -ezobe mmiri na sodium bicarbonate, na mgbakwunye na igbochi motility gastric.
- Glucose isomerases: Na -enye ohere iji mkpụrụ osisi fructose dị elu n'ịmepụta nri dị ụtọ.
- Papain: N'ime ebe a na -eme biya, a na -eji ya mado mado malt.
- Ọkpụkpụ peptide vasoactive: Na -eme ka ọbara na -erugharị ma na -ezochi mmiri mmiri pancreatic.
- Sucaraa: Ọ na -emepụta glucose na fructose.
- Fiscina: Ọ dị mkpa n'ịzụ anụ.
- Carboxypeptidase: Ọ na -ekewa ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri carboxyamino.
- Bromelain: Ọ na -etinye aka na mmepụta hydrolysates.
- Deoxyribonuclease: Ọ na -emepụta nucleotides, yana mkpụrụ nke DNA.
- Encephalin: Ọ na -egbochi imepụta enzymes pancreatic na mkpali ebumpụta ụwa.
- Somatostatin: Na -egbochi iwepụta acid hydrochloric.
- Amylase: Ọ na -enye glucose n'ime afọ na pancreas, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na -arụ ọrụ na gburugburu acidic.
- Lipoxidase: N'ime ụlọ ọrụ achịcha, ọ na -eme ka ogo ya ka mma ma na -emepụta obere achịcha ọcha.
- Pepsin: Ọ na -emepụta peptides na amino acid n'ime afọ, ihe na -ajụkarị acid.
- Ribonuclease: Na -emepụta nucleotides, yana mkpụrụ RNA.
- Glucagon zuru ezu: Na -egbochi motility na nzuzo.
- Pectinases: N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ihe ọ beụ beụ, ọ na -eme ka nkọwa na mmịpụta nke ihe ọ improvesụ improvesụ dị mma.
- Asụsụ: Na-atụgharị glucose ka ọ bụrụ fructose, na mgbakwunye igbochi nchapu na ụtọ na ụfọdụ ihe ọ.
- Ptyalin: Na -enye monosaccharides na disaccharides dị iche iche, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na -eme ihe na gburugburu alkaline.
Ozi ndị ọzọ?
- Ihe Nlereanya nke Enzymes Digestive
- Ihe Nlereanya nke Coenzymes
