Odee:
Laura McKinney
OfbọChị Okike:
8 Onwa Epurel 2021
DatebọChị Mmelite:
1 Julai 2024
Ndinaya
Ndịụdị hydrides Ha bụ ogige kemịkal na -ejikọ atọm hydrogen na molekul ha (nke ọnọdụ oxidation ya bụ, n'ọtụtụ oge, -1) na atọm nke ihe ọ bụla ọzọ dị na tebụl oge.
Achọpụtara ụdị hydrides atọ:
- Metallic igwe: Ha bụ ndị ejiri alkaline na alkaline-earth elements, ya bụ, ya na ndị nọ n'ihu aka ekpe nke okpokoro oge. Ha bụ ogige ndị na-anaghị agbanwe agbanwe na-egosipụta conductivity. A na -ahụ Hydrogen n'ime ha dịka hydride ion H¯. N'ime otu a, ọ ga -ekwe omume ịmata ọdịiche hydrides nke na -etolite ọtụtụ ọla electropositive (site na otu 1 na 2); a na -akpọkarị hydrides ndị a saline hydrides. Saline hydrides na -adịkarị ọcha ma ọ bụ isi awọ siri ike nke a na -enweta site na mmeghachi omume ozugbo nke ọla na hydrogen na oke okpomọkụ.
- Hydrides na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ na-abụghị ọla:ha bụ ndị ejiri ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla mee mana obere elektrọnik, ọkachasị, nwere nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, boron, carbon na silicon: ndị a niile na-enweta aha ndị akọwapụtara, karịa n'ozuzu nomenclature; ha niile bụ metalloids ma ọ bụ ọla sitere na ngọngọ p. A pụkwara ịkpọ ha hydrides molekụla ma ọ bụ covalent, n'ihi na ha nwere agbụ covalent. Ha na -etolite mineral nke akụkụ dị iche iche. Silane, onye na -agba mmiri n'ime otu a, na -enwewanye mmasị maka uru ọ bara n'ịmepụta nanoparticles.
- Mmiri Hydrogen:(nke a na -akpọkwa naanị hydracids) kwekọrọ na njikọta hydrogen na halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine ma ọ bụ iodine) ma ọ bụ ihe mmegide (oxygen, sọlfọ, selenium, tellurium); naanị na ikpe ikpeazu ka hydrogen na -eji nọmba oxyidation ya dị mma (+1) yana ihe ọzọ bụ nke na -arụ ọrụ na ọnụọgụ adịghị mma (-1 na halogens, -2 na amphogens).
Ihe atụ nke hydrides
- Sodium hydride (NaH)
- Phosphine (PH3)
- Mmiri hydride Barium (BaH2)
- Bismutin (Bi2S3)
- Perrganganic hydride (MnH7)
- Amonia (NH3)
- Arsin (AsH3)
- Stibinite ma ọ bụ antimonite
- Mmiri hydrobromic acid (HBr)
- Borano (BH3)
- Methane (CH4)
- Silane (SiH₄)
- Mmiri hydrofluoric (HF)
- Mmiri hydrochloric (HCl)
- Hydride siri ike (FeH3)
- Hydroiodic acid (HI)
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- Selenhydric acid (H2Se)
- Tellurhydric acid (H2Te)
- Lithium hydride (LiH)
A na -eji hydrides eme ihe
N'ime ojiji nke hydrides anyị nwere ike ịkpọtụrụ nke ndị na -ehicha ihe na ndị na -ebelata ihe, ụfọdụ na -eji dị ka ọcha hydrogen isi mmalite.
Calcium hydride bara uru nke ukwuu dịka organic mgbaze ihicha gị n'ụlọnga. Hydride sodium chọrọ nlekọta dị ukwuu na njikwa, ebe ọ na -eji mmiri eme ihe ike ma nwee ike mụnye ọkụ.
Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ etinyere n'ihi mmụba nke hydride a, anaghị eji mmiri emenyụ ya, n'ihi na ọ ga -agbanyụ. ga -ewepụtakwu ọkụ. A na -emenyụ ọkụ ndị a ntụ ntụ ọkụ emenyụ ọkụ.
