Ogige Organic na Inorganic

Ndinaya

• Ihe Nlereanya nke ogige ihe
• Ihe Nlereanya nke ogige inorganic

Ndị ogige kemịkal bụ ihe mejupụtara abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa ihe nwere njikọ n'etiti onwe ha, si otu a na -ebute ihe ọhụrụ na ihe dị iche kpamkpam. Dabere na ụdị atọm nke mejupụtara ogige ndị a, anyị nwere ike ikwu maka ogige organic na inorganic:

A na -akpọ ya ogige organic ndị nwere carbon na hydrogen atọm, na njikọ na ihe mejupụtara ya na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ọwụwa Anyanwụ ụdị ogige nwere covalent agbụ (n'etiti atọm ndị na-abụghị ọla) nke ihe ole na ole (site na abụọ ruo ise) na ha dị oke mgbagwoju anya, dị ihe dị ka nde ogige iri nke ụdị a. Ha na -ebuli ndụ ma ihe ndị dị ndụ na -ezobe ya.

Ndị ogige inorganic, n'aka nke ọzọ, ha anaghị enwekarị carbon carbon, ma ọ bụ agbụ hydrogen-carbon (ụdị nke hydrocarbons), na enwere ike jikọta atọm ha site njikọ ionic (atọm na-abụghị ọla na atọ) ma ọ bụ covalent. Bụ ihe nwere ike ịnwe ọtụtụ ihe site na isi mmalite ọ bụla na tebụl oge ma bụrụ ezigbo ndị na -eduzi ọkụ eletrik.

Ihe Nlereanya nke ogige ihe

1. Methanol (CH₃OH). A maara dị ka osisi ma ọ bụ mmanya methyl, mmanya kacha mfe dị.
2. Propanone (C₃H₆Ma ọ bụ). Acetone na -agbaze ọsọ, na -enwu enwu ma na -apụ apụ, na -esi isi.
3. Acetylene (C₂H₂). A na -akpọkwa ya ethyne, ọ bụ alkyne gas dị ọkụ karịa ikuku na enweghị agba, na -enwu ọkụ nke ukwuu.
4. Etyl ethanoate (CH₃-COO-C₂H₅). A makwaara ya dị ka ethyl acetate ma ọ bụ mmanya ether, nke ejiri mee ihe mgbaze.
5. Ụdị (CH₂0). Eji ya dị ka ihe na -echekwa ihe dị ndụ (ihe nlele, ozu), a makwaara ya dị ka methanal ma ọ bụ formaldehyde.
6. Glycerin (ihe dị ka c₃H₈Ma ọ bụ₃). Glycerol ma ọ bụ propanetriol, bụ ngwaahịa sitere na ngwaahịa ahụ gbaa ụka mmanya na nri nhazi nke lipids.
7. Ọ bụ glucose (C.₆H₁₂Ma ọ bụ₆). Akụkụ ike nke ihe dị ndụ bụ shuga monosaccharide.
8. Ethanol (ihe dịka C.₂H₆Ma ọ bụ). Mmanya mmanya ethyl, nke dị na mmanya na -egbu egbu, nsonaazụ nsonazụ anaerobic nke shuga na yist.
9. Isopropanol (C.₃H₈Ma ọ bụ). Isopropyl mmanya, isomer nke propanol, na -aghọ acetone na ọxịdashọn.
10. Acetylsalicylic acid (C₉H₈Ma ọ bụ₄). Ihe mejupụtara ọgwụ aspirin: analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory.
11. Sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂Ma ọ bụ₁₁). Kacha nkịtị nke carbohydrates: shuga tebụl.
12. Fructose (ihe dị ka c₆H₁₂Ma ọ bụ₆). Sugar mkpụrụ osisi na -ejikọ mmekọrịta isomeric na glucose.
13. Cellulose (C₆H₁₀Ma ọ bụ₅). Akụkụ bụ isi nke ihe ọkụkụ, ọ na -arụ ọrụ dị ka mgbidi na mgbidi sel osisi yana dị ka nchekwa ike.
14. Ngwakọta nke nitroglycerin (C.₃H₅N₃Ma ọ bụ₉). Ihe mgbawa dị ike, a na -enweta ya site n'ịgwakọta nitric acid, sulfuric acid na glycerin.
15. Lactic acid (C₃H₆Ma ọ bụ₃). Ọ dị mkpa na usoro ume nke ahụ mmadụ n'agbanyeghị obere ikuku oxygen, mmepụta glucose site na ịgba ume.
16. Benzocaine (C₉H₁₁Mba₂). Eji ya dị ka ọgwụ na -akụnwụ ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na iji ya na ụmụ ọhụrụ nwere mmetụta nke abụọ nke nnukwu nsí.
17. Lidocaine (nke a na -akpọ C₁₄H₂₂N₂Ma ọ bụ). Ọgwụ anestetiiki ọzọ, nke a na -ejikarị na ezé na dịka ihe antiarrhythmic.
18. Lactose (ihe dịka C.₁₂H₂₂Ma ọ bụ₁₁). Emepụtara site na galactose na glucose, ọ bụ shuga na -enye mmiri ara anụmanụ ike ibu ya.
19. Ọgwụ cocaine (C₁₇H₂₁Mba₄). Nnukwu alkaloid siri ike sitere na osisi coca ma mezie ya imepụta ọgwụ na -akwadoghị nke otu aha.
20. Ascorbic acid (C₆H₈Ma ọ bụ₆). A makwaara ya dị ka vitamin C dị mkpa nke mkpụrụ osisi citrus.

Ọ nwere ike ijere gị ozi: Ihe Nlereanya nke Nri Anụmanụ

Ihe Nlereanya nke ogige inorganic

1. Sodium chloride (NaCl). Nnu nkịtị nke nri anyị.
2. Mmiri hydrochloric (HCl). Otu n'ime ike kachasị asịd mara, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị afọ zoro iji gbarie nri.
3. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄). Mmiri na -emegharị mmiri, na -eguzogide oxidation, evaporation na mbelata, nke a na -eji na ụlọ ọrụ ihe ọ softụ softụ dị nro.
4. Sulfuric acid (H₂Ndị otu SW₄). Otu n'ime corrosives kachasị ama ama, a na -eji ya n'ọtụtụ ụdị ụlọ ọrụ ma na -emepụta ya n'ọtụtụ ụwa.
5. Potassium iodide (KI). A na -eji nnu a n'ọtụtụ ebe maka foto na ọgwụgwọ radieshon.
6. Potassium dichromate (K₂Kr₂Ma ọ bụ₇). Nnu oroma, nke na -eme nnukwu ikuku, nwere ike ịkpata ọkụ mgbe ya na ihe ndị dị ndụ na -emekọrịta ihe.
7. Chloride ọlaọcha (AgCl). A na -ejikarị ya eme ihe na elektrọnik na ụlọ nyocha, n'ihi solubility ya dị ala na mmiri, ọ bụ kristal siri ike.
8. Amonia (NH₃). A na -akpọkwa azano ma ọ bụ gas ammonium, ọ bụ gas na -enweghị ụcha nke jupụtara na nitrogen nwere isi na -asọ oyi.
9. Ngwurugwu sulfate (Cu₂Ndị otu SW₄). Nnu nke a na -adịghị ahụ anya, nke a na -eji dị ka ihe na -ere ọgwụ na ihe na -acha ihe maka ihe ndị e ji ọla mee.
10. Silicon oxide (SiO₂). A na -akpọkarị silica, ọ na -emepụta quartz na opal, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ihe mejupụtara ájá.
11. Iron sulfate (FeSO₄). A makwaara ya dị ka vitriol akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, melanterite ma ọ bụ caparrosa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ọ bụ nnu na-acha anụnụ anụnụ ejiri dị ka ihe na-acha ka ọ bụrụ ọgwụgwọ maka ụfọdụ anaemia.
12. Calcium Carbonate (CaCO₃). Ejiri ogologo oge dị ka antacid na n'ime iko na ụlọ ọrụ ciment, ọ bụ ihe dị oke ukwuu na okike, dịka okwute ma ọ bụ dị ka shells na exoskeletons nke anụmanụ ụfọdụ.
13. Wayo (CaO). Ọ bụ calcium oxide n'ụdị ọ bụla, nke ejiri ya na ngwakọta ihe owuwu dị ka ihe mgbochi.
14. Bicarbonate sodium (NaHCO₃). Ọ dị ugbu a na ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ n'ọtụtụ ngwaahịa nri na ọgwụ, ọ nwere pH alkaline.
15. Potassium hydroxide (KOH). Potassium soda, nke a na -eji emepụta ncha na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ.
16. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH). A na -akpọ ya caustic soda ma ọ bụ caustic soda, a na -eji ya na akwụkwọ, akwa na nchacha na ụlọ ọrụ mmeghe.
17. Ammonium nitrate (NH₄Mba₃). A fatịlaịza ugbo dị ike.
18. Cobalt Silicate (CoSiO₃). Ejiri ya na imepụta ụcha (dị ka acha anụnụ anụnụ cobalt).
19. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄). Nnu Epsom ma ọ bụ nnu Bekee, mgbe ị na -agbakwunye mmiri. Ọ nwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ, ọkachasị akwara, ma ọ bụ dịka nnu ịsa ahụ.
20. Barium chloride (BaCl₂). Nnu na -egbu egbu nke ejiri pigmenti, ọgwụgwọ nchara, na ọkụ ọkụ.