Ndinaya
Ndị anabolism na nke catabolism Ha bụ usoro kemịkal abụọ na -eme metabolism (otu mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na -eme na ihe ọ bụla dị ndụ). Usoro ndị a na -agbanwe agbanwe mana ha na -arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, ebe ọ bụ na otu dabere na ibe ya yana ọnụ ha na -ekwe ka arụ ọrụ na mmepe nke sel.
Anabolism
Anabolism, nke a na -akpọkwa oge na -ewuli elu, bụ usoro metabolic nke ejiri mepụta ihe dị mgbagwoju anya na -amalite site na ihe ndị dị mfe, ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụkụ ma ọ bụ ihe na -adịghị. Usoro a na -eji akụkụ ume nke catabolism wepụtara na -agwakọta ụmụ irighiri ihe dị mgbagwoju anya. Dị ka ọmụmaatụ: photosynthesis n'ime ihe ndị na -akpata autotrophic, njikọ nke lipids ma ọ bụ protein.
Anabolism bụ ntọala maka uto na mmepe nke ihe ndị dị ndụ. Ọ bụ ọrụ maka idobe anụ ahụ yana ịchekwa ike.
- Ọ nwere ike inyere gị aka: Biochemistry
Ọdịdị nke catabolism
Catabolism, nke a na -akpọkwa mbibi na -emebi emebi, bụ usoro metabolic nke mejupụtara mkpokọta nke ụmụ irighiri ihe dị mgbagwoju anya ka ọ bụrụ nke dị mfe. Nke a na -agụnye ndakpọ na oxidation nke biomolecules nke sitere na nri dị ka carbohydrates, protein, na lipids. Dị ka ọmụmaatụ: mgbaze, glycolysis.
N'oge mmebi a, ụmụ irighiri ihe na -ahapụ ike n'ụdị ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Mkpụrụ ndụ na -eji ike a arụ ọrụ ndị dị mkpa yana mmeghachi omume anabolic maka imepụta ụmụ irighiri ihe.
Ihe atụ nke anabolism
- Photosynthesis. Usoro anabolic nke ihe ọkụkụ na -eme (ha anaghị achọ ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ iji nye onwe ha nri, ebe ọ bụ na ha na -ewepụta nri nke ha). Na photosynthesis, a na -atụgharị ihe inorganic ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọkụkụ site n'ike anyanwụ na -enye.
- Chemosynthesis. Usoro nke na -agbanwe otu ma ọ bụ karịa carbon na ụmụ irighiri ihe na -edozi ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọkụkụ site na iji oxidation nke ogige inorganic. Ọ dị iche na photosynthesis n'ihi na ọ naghị eji ìhè anyanwụ eme ihe dị ka ike.
- Calvin okirikiri. Usoro kemịkalụ na -eme na chloroplasts nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe ọkụkụ. N'ime ya, a na -eji irighiri ihe carbon dioxide mepụta molecule glucose. Ọ bụ ụzọ ihe ọkụkụ autotrophic ga -esi tinye ihe na -adịghị ahụkebe.
- Njikọ protein. Usoro kemịkal nke a na -emepụta protein nke mejupụtara ụdọ amino acid. A na -ebuga amino acid site na mbufe RNA na RNA onye ozi, nke bụ ọrụ maka ikpebi usoro amino asịd ga -esonye wee mepụta yinye. Usoro a na -ewere ọnọdụ na ribosomes, organelles dị na sel niile.
- Gluconeogenesis. Usoro kemịkalụ nke a na -esite na -emepụta glucose site na ihe nrụpụta glycosidic na -abụghị carbohydrates.
Ihe atụ nke catabolism
- Mgba ume cellular. Usoro kemịkal nke a na -eji mebie ụfọdụ ihe ndị dị ndụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe na -adịghị ndụ. A na -eji ike catabolic a ewepụtara na -ejikọ mkpụrụ ndụ ATP. Enwere ụdị iku ume abụọ nke cellular: aerobic (na -eji oxygen) na anaerobic (anaghị eji oxygen kama ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ).
- Mgbaze. Usoro catabolic nke biomolecules nke ahụ riri ga -akụri wee gbanwee n'ụdị dị mfe (protein na -emebi emebi na amino acid, polysaccharides na monosaccharides na lipids na acids fatty).
- Glycolysis. Usoro na -eme mgbe mgbaze (ebe polysaccharides na -agbada na glucose). Na glycolysis, mkpụrụ ndụ glucose ọ bụla na -ekewa n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ pyruvate abụọ.
- Okirikiri Krebs. Usoro kemịkalụ bụ akụkụ nke iku ume cellular na sel aerobic. A na-ewepụta ike echekwara site na oxidation nke acetyl-CoA molecule na ike kemịkal n'ụdị ATP.
- Mmebi nke nucleic acid. Usoro kemịkalụ nke deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) na ribonucleic acid (RNA) na -eme na -emebi usoro.
- Gaa n'ihu na: Chemical phenomena
